Simple Present

FORM

[VERB] + s/es in third person
Examples:

·       You speak English.

·       Do you speak English?

·       You do not speak English.

USE 1 Repeated Actions

Use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is repeated or usual. The action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that often happens. It can also be something a person often forgets or usually does not do.
Examples:

·       I play tennis.

·       She does not play tennis.

·       Does he play tennis?

·       The train leaves every morning at 8 AM.

·       The train does not leave at 9 AM.

·       When does the train usually leave?

·       She always forgets her purse.

·       He never forgets his wallet.

·       Every twelve months, the Earth circles the Sun.

·       Does the Sun circle the Earth?

USE 2 Facts or Generalizations

The Simple Present can also indicate the speaker believes that a fact was true before, is true now, and will be true in the future. It is not important if the speaker is correct about the fact. It is also used to make generalizations about people or things.
Examples:

·       Cats like milk.

·       Birds do not like milk.

·       Do pigs like milk?

·       California is in America.

·       California is not in the United Kingdom.

·       Windows are made of glass.

·       Windows are not made of wood.

·       New York is a small city. It is not important that this fact is untrue.

USE 3 Scheduled Events in the Near Future

Speakers occasionally use Simple Present to talk about scheduled events in the near future. This is most commonly done when talking about public transportation, but it can be used with other scheduled events as well.
Examples:

·       The train leaves tonight at 6 PM.

·       The bus does not arrive at 11 AM, it arrives at 11 PM.

·       When do we board the plane?

·       The party starts at 8 o'clock.

·       When does class begin tomorrow?

USE 4 Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)

Speakers sometimes use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is happening or is not happening now. This can only be done with Non-Continuous Verbs and certain Mixed Verbs.
Examples:

·       I am here now.

·       She is not here now.

·       He needs help right now.

·       He does not need help now.

·       He has his passport in his hand.

·       Do you have your passport with you?

ADVERB PLACEMENT

The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.
Examples:

·       You only speak English.

·       Do you only speak English?

ACTIVE / PASSIVE

Examples:

·       Once a week, Tom cleans the car. Active

·       Once a week, the car is cleaned by Tom. Passive

Question Words

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Question Word	Function	Example
what	asking for information about something	What is your name?
	asking for repetition or confirmation	What? I can't hear you. You did what?
what...for	asking for a reason, asking why	What did you do that for?
when	asking about time	When did he leave?
where	asking in or at what place or position	Where do they live?
which	asking about choice	Which colour do you want?
who	asking what or which person or people (subject)	Who opened the door?
whom	asking what or which person or people (object)	Whom did you see?
whose	asking about ownership	Whose are these keys? Whose turn is it?
why	asking for reason, asking what...for	Why do you say that?
why don't	making a suggestion	Why don't I help you?
how	asking about manner	How does this work?
	asking about condition or quality	How was your exam?
how + adj/adv	asking about extent or degree	see examples below
how far	distance	How far is Pattaya from Bangkok?
how long	length (time or space)	How long will it take?
how many	quantity (countable)	How many cars are there?
how much	quantity (uncountable)	How much money do you have?
how old	age	How old are you?
how come (informal)	asking for reason, asking why	How come I can't see her?

Verb to be

Conjugação do verbo to be no simple present
Positive	Negative	Interrogative
I am	I am not	Am I?
You are	You are not	Are you?
He is	He is not	Is he?
She is	She is not	Is she?
It is	It is not	Is it?
We are	We are not	Are we?
You are	You are not	Are you?
They are	They are not	Are they?